Here is the full list of all 48 Metro 2033 achievements. It takes around 20-25 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Kill 30 humans with only pneumatic weapons.
Complete the game in Ranger Mode Easy.
Kill at least one enemy with each weapon available in the game.
Kill 15 enemies using sticky grenade.
Complete the game in Ranger Mode Hardcore.
Kill 50 enemies with heavy automatic shotgun.
Get 25 kills with alternative fire of Volt Driver.
Get 50 kills with Volt Driver.
Kill 50 mutants with your knife.
Found all gold ammo, hidden throughout the stations.
Complete 'Frontline' level without killing anyone.
Make 10 deals in weapon shops.
Exchange 500 Military-Grade 5.45 rounds at Exchange kiosks.
A true metro citizen. You know everyone and have seen everything.
On the level 'Hunter' kill the nosalises before they break through the ventilation grilles.
On the level 'Outpost' reach the radio tower and broadcast the commander's message.
Kill 2 demons.
Disarm 10 wire traps.
On the level 'Frontline' kill all of the enemy Red Army and Fascist Soldiers.
Explode 10 enemies.
On the level 'Depot' silently kill the first guard and break into the Fascist station unnoticed.
Complete the level 'Black Station' without killing any Fascist Soldiers.
Break the support and activate the chandelier in less than 20 seconds.
Kill 20 enemies with the knife.
Kill 10 enemies with throwing knives.
Complete levels 'Ghosts' and 'Anomaly' without dying.
A coin for a hungry kid? Get a job.
Help the poor, a coin for the kid, medicine for the sick. You help everyone you see.
Kill 5 amoebas.
Kill 30 enemies with the double-barreled shotgun.
Kill 5 enemies with a flamethrower.
Kill a librarian.
There is no place in metro you did not visit
Save 500 military-grade rounds.
Kill 20 lurkers.
Kill 30 enemies using pneumatic weapons.
Destroy fascists' Panzer.
Kill 15 enemies using stationary machine gun.
Save a group of 'Reds' from Fascist captivity.
Make 25 headshots.
Complete level 'Armory' without getting caught.
Blow up the tunnel and airlock at 'Cursed' station.
Kill 30 enemies using revolvers.
Find all Ranger stashes in Dead City 1 and 2
Kill 30 nosalises.
What doesn't kill you, makes you stronger.