Here is the full list of all 20 Spelunky achievements. It takes around 100-120 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Play Adventure Mode 1000 times.
Rescue all 16 hidden characters.
Complete the game without collecting any treasure. No shortcuts.
Complete the game in under 8 minutes. No shortcuts.
Complete the game with at least two players alive. No shortcuts.
Rescue 10 or more damsels in one game.
Obtain 500,000 gold.
Complete the game the hard way.
Complete 100% of the journal.
Complete the game.
Complete the game without using shortcuts.
Win the kapala from Kali.
Kill 12 or more shopkeepers in one game.
Complete 50% of the journal.
Reach the City of Gold.
Reach the Temple.
Reach the Ice Caves.
Obtain the Ankh.
Reach the Jungle.
Beat the Tutorial.