Here is the full list of all 20 Spelunky achievements. It takes around 100-120 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Complete the game with at least two players alive. No shortcuts.
Complete the game without collecting any treasure. No shortcuts.
Obtain 500,000 gold.
Complete the game in under 8 minutes. No shortcuts.
Complete the game the hard way.
Rescue all 16 hidden characters.
Complete 100% of the journal.
Complete the game without using shortcuts.
Play Adventure Mode 1000 times.
Rescue 10 or more damsels in one game.
Kill 12 or more shopkeepers in one game.
Reach the City of Gold.
Complete the game.
Reach the Temple.
Win the kapala from Kali.
Obtain the Ankh.
Reach the Ice Caves.
Complete 50% of the journal.
Reach the Jungle.
Beat the Tutorial.