Here is the full list of all 18 Sheltered achievements. It takes around 20-25 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Trap 100 animals on the shelter surface (cumulatively)
Survive 100 days
Take the RV out on an expedition
Travel 1000 miles (cumulatively) on the map
Collect all 10 tools (on a single game)
Travel 500 miles (cumulatively) on the map
Fully upgrade all systems
Search 200 locations (cumulatively)
Grow and harvest a plant from the plant station
Have 5 or more plant stations in the shelter
Travel 100 miles (cumulatively) on the map
Win combat using a gun
Subdue an enemy in combat
Fully upgrade a system
Survive a week
Upgrade a system once
Trap an animal on the shelter surface
Craft your first object/item