Here is the full list of all 48 Metro 2033 achievements. It takes around 20-25 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Complete the game in Ranger Mode Hardcore.
Get 25 kills with alternative fire of Volt Driver.
Get 50 kills with Volt Driver.
Kill 50 mutants with your knife.
Kill 20 enemies with the knife.
Complete the game in Ranger Mode Easy.
Kill at least one enemy with each weapon available in the game.
There is no place in metro you did not visit
Kill 15 enemies using sticky grenade.
Kill 15 enemies using stationary machine gun.
Disarm 10 wire traps.
Kill 30 enemies using pneumatic weapons.
Kill 30 humans with only pneumatic weapons.
Found all gold ammo, hidden throughout the stations.
Exchange 500 Military-Grade 5.45 rounds at Exchange kiosks.
Find all Ranger stashes in Dead City 1 and 2
On the level 'Hunter' kill the nosalises before they break through the ventilation grilles.
On the level 'Outpost' reach the radio tower and broadcast the commander's message.
Kill 2 demons.
On the level 'Frontline' kill all of the enemy Red Army and Fascist Soldiers.
Save a group of 'Reds' from Fascist captivity.
Make 25 headshots.
Kill 5 amoebas.
Save 500 military-grade rounds.
Kill 5 enemies with a flamethrower.
Break the support and activate the chandelier in less than 20 seconds.
Complete levels 'Ghosts' and 'Anomaly' without dying.
Complete level 'Armory' without getting caught.
Kill a librarian.
Make 10 deals in weapon shops.
Complete the level 'Black Station' without killing any Fascist Soldiers.
Explode 10 enemies.
Kill 20 lurkers.
Kill 50 enemies with heavy automatic shotgun.
On the level 'Depot' silently kill the first guard and break into the Fascist station unnoticed.
Destroy fascists' Panzer.
Complete 'Frontline' level without killing anyone.
Kill 10 enemies with throwing knives.
Blow up the tunnel and airlock at 'Cursed' station.
Kill 30 enemies using revolvers.
Help the poor, a coin for the kid, medicine for the sick. You help everyone you see.
Kill 30 enemies with the double-barreled shotgun.
Kill 30 nosalises.
A true metro citizen. You know everyone and have seen everything.
A coin for a hungry kid? Get a job.
What doesn't kill you, makes you stronger.