Here is the full list of all 48 Metro 2033 achievements. It takes around 20-25 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Explode 10 enemies.
Complete the game in Ranger Mode Easy.
Complete the game in Ranger Mode Hardcore.
Kill 50 enemies with heavy automatic shotgun.
Kill at least one enemy with each weapon available in the game.
Exchange 500 Military-Grade 5.45 rounds at Exchange kiosks.
There is no place in metro you did not visit
On the level 'Outpost' reach the radio tower and broadcast the commander's message.
Kill 15 enemies using sticky grenade.
Kill 30 enemies with the double-barreled shotgun.
Kill 50 mutants with your knife.
Kill 30 enemies using pneumatic weapons.
Kill 30 humans with only pneumatic weapons.
Found all gold ammo, hidden throughout the stations.
Kill 15 enemies using stationary machine gun.
Find all Ranger stashes in Dead City 1 and 2
Make 10 deals in weapon shops.
Help the poor, a coin for the kid, medicine for the sick. You help everyone you see.
A true metro citizen. You know everyone and have seen everything.
Complete 'Frontline' level without killing anyone.
A coin for a hungry kid? Get a job.
Break the support and activate the chandelier in less than 20 seconds.
Complete levels 'Ghosts' and 'Anomaly' without dying.
On the level 'Frontline' kill all of the enemy Red Army and Fascist Soldiers.
Save a group of 'Reds' from Fascist captivity.
Make 25 headshots.
On the level 'Hunter' kill the nosalises before they break through the ventilation grilles.
Kill 2 demons.
Kill 5 amoebas.
Save 500 military-grade rounds.
Kill 5 enemies with a flamethrower.
Kill a librarian.
Complete the level 'Black Station' without killing any Fascist Soldiers.
Get 50 kills with Volt Driver.
Get 25 kills with alternative fire of Volt Driver.
Kill 20 lurkers.
Kill 20 enemies with the knife.
Disarm 10 wire traps.
On the level 'Depot' silently kill the first guard and break into the Fascist station unnoticed.
Destroy fascists' Panzer.
Kill 10 enemies with throwing knives.
Complete level 'Armory' without getting caught.
Blow up the tunnel and airlock at 'Cursed' station.
Kill 30 enemies using revolvers.
Kill 30 nosalises.
What doesn't kill you, makes you stronger.