Here is the full list of all 38 Factorio achievements. It takes around 200 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Produce 100M Electronic circuits
Win the game by crafting no more than 111 items manually.
Get 100 combat robots following you
Research all technologies
Construct more machines using robots than manually.
Take 500 damage in one hit and survive.
Produce 400k Iron plates per hour.
Produce 5k Processing units per hour.
Destroy 10k trees with fire
Produce 25k Advanced circuits per hour.
Have a train plan a path 1000 tiles or longer.
Destroy 10 spawners by impact.
Get killed by moving Locomotive
Supply the player with 10k items delivered by the logistic robots.
Deconstruct 100 objects with the construction robots.
Construct 100 machines using robots.
Trigger an alien attack by pollution.
Produce more than 10 MJ energy per hour without the usage of Steam engine.
Supply the player by logistic robot.
Finish the game in 8 hours
Produce 1M electronic circuits
Build Diesel locomotive
Build Diesel locomotive within first 1 hour and 30 minutes of the game.
Win the game without building Active provider chest and requester chest.
Finish the game in 15 hours
Win the game without building Laser turret.
Win the game without using a solar panel.
Finish the game
Destroy 100 trees by impact.
Produce 10k Advanced circuits per hour.
Produce 1.0k Processing units per hour.
Produce 500 Processing units per hour.
Produce 200k Iron plates per hour
Produce 1.0k Advanced circuits per hour.
Research Oil processing
Produce 10k Electronic circuits
Produce 20k Iron plates per hour.